Present Perfect Tense

Definition: The present perfect tense talks about the completed action. An action that started in the past and just finished or completed. The present perfect tense is used to express an action or situation that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has relevance to the present moment. It is formed by using the helping verb “have” or “has” and past participle (3rd form of the verb).

The present perfect tense is also used in state sentences. The linking verbs "have been" or "has been" are used to make the state sentence of this tense.

Present perfect tense in hindi

 Present Perfect Tense in Hindi/Urdu

Present perfect tense un kaamo ke bare me batata hai jo mukammal ho chuke hen. Wo kaam jo bhootkaal ya maazi me shuru huey aur wo baat likhne ya batane se pehle mukammal ho chuke hon wo present perfect tense kehlate hen. Iska sentence banane ke liye helping verb “have” ya “has” aur past participle (3rd form of the verb) istemaal hoti hai.
Present perfect tense state sentences me bhi use hota hai. State sentence banane ke liye linking verbs "have been" ya "has been" istemaal hote hen.

Formula For Present Perfect Tense

Positive Sentence:

Action:    Subject+have/has+verb 3rd form

Examples:

  • He has written a book. (Us ne ek kitab likhi hai.)
  • The train has left. (Train ja chuki hai.)
  • We have waited enough. (Hum kafi intezaar kar chuke hen.)

State:    Subject+has/have+been+noun/pronoun/adjective

    Examples:

    • I have been there once. (Main ek baar wahan ja chuka hoon.)
    • He has been with me for a long time. (Wo mere sath lambe samay se hai.)
    • She has been a good lawyer. (Wo ek achi wakeel reh chuki hai.)

    Negative Sentence:

    Action:    Subject+have/has+ not+verb 3rd form

    Examples:

    • She has not reached here. (Wo yahan nahi pohchi hai.)
    • They have not completed their work. (Unho ne apna kaam pura nahi kiya hai.)
    • I have not done anything. (Main ne kuch nahi kiya hai.)

    State:    Subject+has/have+not+been+noun/pronoun/adjective

      Examples:

      • He has not been a player ever. (Wo kabhi ek khiladi nahi raha hai.)
      • We have not been friends ever. (Hum kabhi dost nahi rahe hen.)
      • They have not been my students ever. (Wo kabhi mere students nahi rahe hen.)

        Interrogative Sentence:

        Action:    Have/Has+subject+verb 3rd form+?

        Examples:

        • Has the cab come? (Kya taxi aagai hai?)
        • Have you done your work? (Kya tum ne ana kaam karliya hai?)
        • Has the plane taken off? (Kya jahaaz urr chuka hai?)

        State:    Has/Have+subject+been+noun/pronoun/adjective?

          Examples:

          • Have you been there ever? (Kya tum kabhi wahan ja chuke ho?)
          • Has he been with her for the whole day? (Kya wo pura din se uske sath hai?)
          • Has she been your assistant? (Kya wo tumhari assistant reh chuki hai?)


            Uses of Present Perfect Tense

            a) To describe actions or events that occurred at an unspecified time in the past:

            Examples:

            • She has seen that movie before.
            • I have been there once

            b) To express experiences or achievements in a person's life up to the present:

            Examples:

            • I have traveled to many countries.
            • He has graduated from college.

            c) To talk about actions that started in the past and continue into the present (with a focus on the result or duration):

            Examples:

            • I have lived in this city for ten years.
            • "They have been married since 2010.

            d) To describe recent actions or events that have a connection to the present moment:

            Examples:

            • I have just finished reading the book.
            • She has broken her phone, so she can't call right now.

            e) To ask or talk about experiences or achievements in a person's life:

            Examples:

            • Have you ever been to New York?
            • He hasn't won any awards yet.